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Middle East Paper -- essays research papers

The contention between the Palestinians and the Israelis emitted after the segment made by Great Britain on November 29, 1947. Right away after the choice to make Israel a different, free state, there were enormous assaults on the two sides. After perusing the principal set of articles, I felt that the Palestine's superfluously assaulted the Jews also, that they merited the land being given to them. Be that as it may, the main set of articles I read were amazingly one-sided toward the Jewish viewpoint also, I imagine that along these lines, I introduced a twisted perspective on the circumstance. Since I have perused the subsequent parcel, I get that huge numbers of the Arabs more likely than not felt powerless about the circumstance, and even surprised by the various assaults and slaughters by the Israelis. I presently accept that the explanation that the battling began was on the grounds that the two sides felt that they had a commitment to maintain their strict convictions and, additionally, defense to do what they did. Both the Arabs furthermore, the Jews felt that it was their sacrosanct obligation to keep or recover their land. The Arabs thought of the segment as a programmed assertion of war against them. In this way, they felt that they needed to counter-assault the Jews so as to keep their property. Perhaps the greatest slaughter that the Jews pursued on the Arabs was the assault on Deir Yassin on April 9, 1948, when 250 men, ladies, and kids where murdered. The primary arrangement of articles that we read didn't notice anything about the heartlessness of t...

7Ps of Marketing

7Ps of Marketing THE EXTENDED MODELS OF MARKETING MIX © Entrepreneurial InsightsOver the years, as the concept of marketing has evolved, and the definition of a product has grown more complex, the traditional marketing mix has also been redefined and extended. In this article, we will discuss some of these newer versions of the marketing mix by looking at 1) the extended models of marketing mix, 2) the 7P model for service marketing, 3) and an example of the McDonald’s marketing mix.THE EXTENDED MODELS OF MARKETING MIX The traditional marketing mix comprised of the 4Ps of product, price, place and promotion has enjoyed tremendous popularity over the years. When it was first articulated by McCarthy in 1960, it consisted of 12 parameters that were to be mixed like ingredients by a marketer. Eventually brought down to the much smaller number of 4, the framework became simpler and easier to understand but there was a lack of depth and several important elements were missed out such as the provision of services to the consumer.A New Look At The 4Ps Of Marketing Keeping in mind these shortcomings, marketing experts and researchers have expanded on these over the years. Some of these expansions have included:The 5Ps Model © Entrepreneurial InsightsProposed by Judd in 1987, a fifth P was added to the model. This stood for People. The basis for this was that the people providing the product or service to the customer had an important role to play in communicating the right message and had a significant impact on the user experience.The 6Ps Model © Entrepreneurial InsightsIn 1987, Kotler proposed an additional two Ps to the original model of 4. These were political power and public opinion formation. Kotler proposed that when entering foreign markets, there was a need to satisfy an audience beyond the target market. These were the governments, regulatory bodies, trade associations and even other interested groups who had power over the intended market. Hence the political power and public opinion formation was needed to gain their support.The 7Ps of Services Marketing This model has gained significant traction over the years as services and their marketing is increasingly being given due importance as an independent field of study. This model, proposed by Booms and Bitner in 1981, extends the marketing mix by 3 new Ps that directly relate to the service provision industry. These are people, physical evidence and process. The 15Ps Model The longest extension to the original model was proposed by Baumgartner in 1991 and includ es people, politics, public relations, probe, partition, prioritize, position, profit, plan, performance, and positive implementations.In an attempt to add depth, much complexity has also been added to the model. The most widely used extension of the traditional marketing mix is the 7P model for services marketing.THE 7Ps MODEL What is the 7Ps Model?The traditional marketing mix was designed and gained popularity in an era where most businesses sold products. Any service provision and the role of good customer service was largely ignored and the potential impact on brand development and the user experience was not understood. This was remedied when Booms and Bitner proposed their extension to create the services marketing mix that we see today. The extended model should now be used to create competitive strategies in a more holistic manner.Defining Services MarketingNow a recognized offshoot of the traditional field of marketing, services marketing is the design of strategy to addre ss the provision of services, both in a business to consumer context and the business to business scenario. Some examples of core services are telecom services, airlines, accountancy or tax services, the hotel industry and professional services such as hair dressers, dry cleaners or tailoring services. Services marketing may also cover elements in a traditional physical product sales environment such as customer services and tech support.A service is ‘a type of economic activity that is intangible, it is not stored and does not result in ownership. A service is consumed at the point of sale.’ Given this definition, the new Ps added to the model gain new importance. Since the service cannot be owned and is consumed at the point of delivery, the process through which it is delivered, the person who delivers it, and the environment in which it is delivered become an indicator of whether a customer leaves satisfied and if they will want to return.Fundamental Characteristics of a Ser viceThere are five fundamental defining characteristics of a service. These characteristics are the basis of the 7P model for marketing. These are:Intangible Primary to the definition of a service is the notion that there is no tangible result of the service in the customer’s hand. The customer does gain something when they leave. This may be legal advice or a checkup by a doctor. Tangibility needs to be created within the experience and this is done through the environment in which the service is delivered.Heterogeneous â€" All service experiences are unique. This means that there is a variety that needs to be anticipated and catered for. Factors external to a customer or a service provider such as traffic or a storm can impact the service experience. In addition, factors internal to either of the two participants can also have an impact such as personality traits or a bad day. Apart from this, the same person may react to the same situation differently on two different days. Al l these factors make it hard to provide a standard service experience.Production and Consumption â€" A service is created and used up at the same point in time. This means that the customer and the employee are both part of the process and are equally important to the experience. The employee needs to be trained extensively while the customer’s expectations can be managed through marketing communication activities.Perishable â€" A service can be stored, returned or resold. This means that it is immediate and bound by time. Proper processes need to be in place to make sure that service provision capacity is utilized to an optimum degree, to mitigate periods of high or low demand.Lack of Ownership â€" Because the customer does not end up retaining ownership of a tangible product, they have nothing to take away from the service except their experience. This means that over time, once the experience memory has diluted, there may be an issue with comparing brands. Companies are constan tly trying to differentiate themselves from their competitors to build a loyal customer base.7Ps Elements The 7Ps includes the traditional elements, plus three new elements. In the services marketing concept, these are defined as following.The Traditional Elements1. Product In the service industry, the production and consumption of the product are simultaneous and the product is intangible, diverse and perishable. The nature of this ‘product’ allows for on the spot customization. This also means that the point at which this activity is occurring becomes very important. Ideally, to ensure repeat experiences of similar quality and a consistently good user experience, most service providers aim to give some customization within an overall standardized mode of delivery.2. Pricing Since a service cannot be measured by what material goes into its creation nor is the actual tangible cost of production measurable, it can be challenging to put a price tag on it. There are some tangibles of course, such as the labor costs and overheads. But additionally, the ambiance, the experience and the brand name also factor into the final price offering.3. Place As mentioned, the service is produced and consumed in the same place. It cannot be owned and taken away from the location. This is why the place at which this transaction occurs is of vital importance. The location of the service provision is carefully analyzed to allow ease of access and the desire to make the effort to reach it. Fast food restaurants and sales and service centers may be located in busy main streets to allow walk in customers, while a fine dining restaurant may be located in a quiet street to maintain exclusivity and privacy.4. Promotion Promotion fulfills the same role as it does in any other marketing context. A service may be more easily replicated than a physical product. To prevent a service becoming interchangeable with its competitors, it becomes vital to create a desirable brand image and name in the market. Differentiation becomes a key goal in order to attract both new and repeat customers.[cp_modal id=cp_id_75506] [/cp_modal]The New Elements © Entrepreneurial Insights5. PeopleThis is a vitally important element of the service marketing mix. When a service is being delivered, the person delivering it is not unique from the service itself. When dining at a restaurant, if a rude waiter is encountered, the entire experience will be labeled as bad service. This is why many businesses invest in defining the right kind of person to fill their service role and then making efforts to find or train people to fit this definition.6. ProcessSince service provision needs to strike a balance between customization and standardization, the processes involved in the activity require special mention and attention. A process needs to be clearly defined for the service provider. This basic process should ensure the same level of service delivery to every customer, at any time of day, on any day. Within this process, there should be defined areas where a customer preference can be accommodated to provide a unique experience.7. Physical Evide nceThe location of the service delivery also takes on significance. The level of comfort and attractiveness of a service location may make a lot of difference to the user experience. A calm and soothing environment with thoughtful comfort measures may  provide a sense of security to a new customer which will make them return.Service Marketing Mix 7ps/Extended Marketing Mix Important Questions in Designing a 7P ModelWhen setting out to design or improve a marketing mix for a service provider, the marketer should ask the following questions:How can we develop our ‘product’?How can we price fairly?How can be provide the right place for the customer to access and experience our product?How can be promote our product to create an impact, differentiate from competitors and further brand image?What is the process we will use to deliver our service to the customer?Who are the people who represent us and what are the skills that they need?How can be provide physical evidence of the supe rior nature of our product?EXAMPLE â€" 7Ps MARKETING MIX AT McDONALD’SThe CompanyMcDonald’s was created by Richard and Maurice McDonald in 1937. They created food processing and assembly line techniques at a tiny drive-in restaurant near Pasadena, California. In 1954, the restaurant was franchised in the USA. In 1967, the restaurant went global with a foothold in Canada. The key to Mcdonald’s successful global presence has been franchising. Through this activity, the product and its delivery are translated to fit local sensibilities while maintaining an essential McDonald’s experience.The McDonald’s Marketing Mix © Flickr | Rupert GanzerAn effective and relevant marketing mix has enabled the restaurant to flourish while remaining true to its ‘think global, act local’ philosophy.1. ProductThe product offered is a standard set of items that are similar in taste and appearance wherever in the world they are being sold. There is some adaptation according to local tastes and laws. For example, a more vegetarian menu is offered in India, where a majority does not eat meat. In Muslim countries, any pork products are eliminated and halal meat is used. There are also taste adaptations such as beer in Germany, yogurt drinks in Turkey and espresso in Italy. There are also burger variations in different countries. Despite these differences, the menu is structured in the same way which allows for the same experience everywhere.2.  PriceThe organization attempts to price differently across its operations. This means that the right price is selected for the right market. Pricing decisions are made by s etting a pricing objective, determining demand, estimating costs, analyzing competing offers, deciding on a pricing method and then finalizing a price. By following this method and primarily assessing competitors, the company can understand what the customer is willing to pay and what value they attach to the product.3. PlaceMcDonald’s has presence in 116 countries of the world. The organization believes in strategic expansion that focuses on a location’s long term potential.4.  PromotionBy first understanding cultural differences, a localized promotion strategy is employed. The focus is on both the brand’s global image and its local sensitivity.5.  ProcessIn all of the thousand’s on McDonald’s worldwide, the same process is used for making the food. The food specifications for size, weight and content are the same everywhere. All suppliers need to meet these specifications. Kitchen and restaurant layouts are the same. To cater to language differences, the menu displays co ntain images that help create similarities everywhere. There are also defined processes for service delivery such as all orders need to be filled within 90 seconds in the restaurant while drive through wait time is 3.5 minutes.6.  PeopleThe company staffs locally and also promotes from within. This allows the team managing the operations to understand local cultures as well as the corporate philosophy. The people chosen are trained in both technical skills and customer focus. A Hamburger University in the USA as well as other training centers in different parts of the world teach standard practices that are to be employed in restaurants all over the world. This training helps standardize product and service delivery.7. Physical EvidenceAll McDonald’s locations are similarly created with a family friendly environment. There is a play area for children, and service is always provided with a smile. All menus are structured in similar ways with fries and drink combos. The children’s meal always has toys. These are all elements of physical evidence that are standard in all Mcdonald’s locations.Image credit:  Flickr | Rupert Ganzer under Attribution-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic.

Business Plan for Wash Dry and Guard Detailing Essay examples

BUSINESS PLAN FOR WASH DRY AND GUARD DETAILING Bachelors Capstone Final Project Elizabeth M. Towler MT499-01 Professor Ernest Norris Table of Contents Section 1: Executive Summary (Business Description) 2 Section 2: Code of Conduct 7 Section 3: Marketing Plan (Strategy and SWOT) 11 Section 4: Operations 16 Section 5: Finance 22 Section 6: Cash Flow Analysis 28 Section 7: Information Management 35 Section 8: Management Summary 42 References 50 Appendix 55 Section 1: Executive Summary When considering the ideal type of business to†¦show more content†¦The following Vision Statement has been established for Wash Dry and Guard Detailing: â€Å"To provide the superior car care and detailing products and services that every vehicle owner wants, but rarely gets. We restore your car’s finish and interior to the factory settings.† The reason this message has been chosen for articulation is because company managers believe that many customers within the target market that take great pride in maintaining their vehicle’s aesthetics often find themselves disappointed at products and/or services that do not deliver on the promises they make. Many of these products can be quite costly, which can lead to the overall pessimism by vehicle owners when it comes to new car care and detailing products and services entering the market. As a result, it is highly necessary for Wash Dry and Guard Detailing to clearly outline its values and goals for customers to see. Although this may not directly impact a prospective customers buying decision, it will enhance and strengthen the customer/business relationship as the products and services offered by the company continually live up to the promises made. Based on this it is clear just how important the development of a well written Vision Statement is during the business planning process. Business Structure The next crucial step in the business planning process is determining which business structure theShow MoreRelatedEnsure A Safe Workplace : Muhammad Talha. Automotive Industry And A T Autoworks N S Report5562 Words   |  23 Pagesgovernment which tells the importance of implementing the safety procedures on the workplace. There are various hazards involved in the automotive industry but In particular I will go through the hazards which are involved in the automotive workshop, the business which I have setup is named as AT AUTOWORKS, it is a basically one stop shop for every automotive need and the shop has several departments and has some working procedures. First the service department, the service departments is a place where theRead MoreResort Thesis6183 Words   |  25 Pagesrecreation so that, one can give dynamism to their leisure time. Oxford ¶s dictionary defines resort as place that is frequented for holidays or recreation or for a particular purpose . One can go and swim in resort, can have lunch, can go just to pass time, plan an overnight stay and lit campfire, artist can complete their portrait, novelist can finish novel, a poet can create his poem and tourist can have charming stay there. A resort can function as a conference centre, as a meeting centre, as a banquetteRead MoreBSP1004 Tutorial Answer Essay example20959 Words   |  84 Pagesï » ¿Tutorial 1- Introduction to Legal Environment of Business 1a) This is a civil matter as it is a private dispute between S and T which is not harmful to society. The dispute should be resolved through mediation. This is because it is cheaper, faster, more informal, and also private. Most importantly, it creates a win-win situation which will allow S and T to preserve their business relationship and compromise to settle the dispute amicably. b) This is a criminal and civil matter. It is criminalRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 Pages2.1 Time performance 7.2.3.1 Cost baseline development 7.3.2.1 Earned value system (F.4) 7.3.2.4 E.V., performance status report 7.3.2.2 E.V., forecasts 7.3.2.3 EV., to complete index (EAC) 7.3.2.5 Schedule and cost variance Developing a Project Plan 4.2.2 Planning tools 6.2 Sequence activities [1.2] 6.5.1 Bar and milestone charts 6.5.2 Critical path method (.2) 6.5.2.6 Lead and lag activities [6.2.3] F.3 Project duration Chapter 14 Project closure Closure report 4.5.1.4 OrganizationRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesDEVELOPMENT Socializing, Orienting, and Developing Employees 182 Managing Careers 208 PART 5 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 MAINTAINING HIGH PERFORMANCE Establishing the Performance Management System 230 Establishing Rewards and Pay Plans 260 Employee Benefits 286 Ensuring a Safe and Healthy Work Environment 312 PART 6 Chapter 14 LABOR–MANAGEMENT ENVIRONMENTS Understanding Labor Relations and Collective Bargaining 340 Endnotes 367 Glossary 389 Company Index 395 Subject IndexRead MoreInternal Revenue Code 1939278050 Words   |  1113 Pagesamount of, and recognition of, gain or loss. 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Forming International Teams in a Virtual World 291 Myth or Science? â€Å"Asians Have Less Ingroup Bias Than Americans† 292 An Ethical Choice Should You Use Group Peer Pressure? 294 Point/Counterpoint Affinity Groups Fuel Business Success 298 Questions for Review 297 Experiential Exercise Wilderness Survival 299 Ethical Dilemma Is Social Loafing Shirking? 300 Case Incident 1 Negative Aspects of Collaboration? 300 Case Incident 2 Herd Behavior and the Housing Bubble (and Collapse)

Slavery in America - 743 Words

Confusion abounded in the still-smoldering South about the precise meaning of â€Å"freedom† for blacks. Emancipation took effect haltingly and unevenly in different parts of the conquered Confederacy. As Union armies marched in and out of various localities, many blacks found themselves emancipated and then re-enslaved. Blacks from one Texas county fleeing to the free soil of the liberated county next door were attacked by slave owners as they swam across the river that marked the county line. The next day trees along the riverbank were bent with swinging corpses – a grisly warning to others dreaming of liberty. Other planters resisted emancipation more legalistically, stubbornly protesting that slavery was lawful until state†¦show more content†¦As slaves, blacks had worshiped alongside whites, but now they formed their own churches pastored by their own ministers. Black churches grew robustly. The 150,000 member black Baptist Church of 1850 reached 500,000 by 1870, while the African Methodist Episcopal Church quadrupled in size from 100,000 to 400,000 in the first decade after emancipation. These churches formed the bedrock of black community life, and they soon gave rise to other benevolent, fraternal, and mutual aid societies. All these organizations helped blacks protect and maintain their newly won freedom. Among the first acts passed by the new Southern regimes was the passage of the iron-toothed Black Codes. These laws were designed to regulate the affairs of the emancipated blacks. Mississippi passed the first such law in November 1865, and other Southern states soon followed suit. The Black Codes varied in severity from state to state, but they had much in common. The Black Codes aimed at first to ensure a stable and subservient labor force. The crushed Cotton Kingdom could not rise from its weeds until the fields were once again put under plow and hoe – and many whites wanted to ensure that they retained the tight cont rol they had exercised over the blacks in the days of slavery. Dire penalties were imposed by the codes on blacks who â€Å"jumped† their labor contracts, which usually committed them to work for the same employer for one year, andShow MoreRelatedThe Slavery Of America And America1168 Words   |  5 PagesIn 1619, there was a Dutch ship that arrived in America to trade for food. But instead of an object, such as silk or wine, they were trading humans. These humans were Africans who were not treated as normal human beings, but as if they were just an object or animal. On their voyage over to America, all the slaves were crammed into the lower part of the ship. They were forbidden to move and had to remain lying down for the entire voyage. For those on the ship to be sure the slaves were not causingRead MoreSlavery in America941 Words   |  4 PagesSlavery in America Does anyone know who really started slavery? Slavery first took place in North America, 1619 at a British colony of Jamestown Virginia† (Boles, John). This caused slavery to spread throughout the American colonies. Slavery had a huge impact on America and still does till this day. Slavery was nothing new when it came to America. It’s been going on since before the 1400’s.†Slavery had existed in Europe from classical times and did not disappear with the collapse of the Roman Empire†Read MoreSlavery in America1124 Words   |  5 PagesEveryone knows that slavery in America was a difficult time for African Americans. But do people truly understand how hard it was for the African American female slaves? Harriet Jacobs goes into detail about her life as a slave and gives the female perspective under the alias Linda Brent in the novel Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl. She states that everything she says in the book is completely true. There are stereo types of black women during this time: being looked upon as sexual objects andRead MoreThe Slavery Of Slavery And The Colonization Of America941 Words   |  4 PagesProblem of Slavery Introduction The slavery is a relationship established between two individuals and involves the complete and absolute control of each other. Usually, this domain is established from the force, becoming the slave of an object or possession of the owner, so you end up losing not only their freedom but also their humanity and dignity being. The cases of slavery in the history of humanity are many and are always imbued with very bloody and very violent stories as they pose most absoluteRead MoreSlavery in America Art1205 Words   |  5 Pagesdebated, but ultimately the Civil War surrounded the legality of slavery in America. Everyone knows that Abraham Lincoln ended the ability to legally own slaves, therefore freeing slaves. Before Abraham Lincoln ended slavery, many slaves found freedom for themselves by running away to the northern states where slavery was illegal. Eastman Johnson, an American painter of the nineteenth century, depicts an African-American family fleeing slavery during the Civil War in his oil-painting titled A Ride to LibertyRead MoreSlavery And Its Impact On America1353 Words   |  6 Pages Slavery in America had a tight hold over the southern half. It was primarily located in the southern portion and African American slaves were held on large plantations and out in the fields. Some were even leased into the industrializing factories. Ever since slavery in America started, slaves were considered property. Every black person was a white persons â€Å"property†. Now American had a belief, a belief that every man were entitled to God-given rights. The rights could not be stripped fromRead MoreSlavery And The Making Of America1412 Words   |  6 PagesThe film â€Å"Slavery and The Making Of America† covered the beginning of American slavery in the British colonies until the end of slavery in the southern states and post-civil war reconstruction. This film shows viewers remarkable stories of individual slaves, providing new perspectives on how unjust the slaves experiences were, and besides all the trouble they were facing still having to survive and shape their own lives. 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Summary and Synthesis with Steven Johnson Free Essays

Harwood Eng 96Spring 13 Paper #3: Summary and Synthesis with Steven Johnson Your third High Stakes Writing Assignment comes in two parts. The first asks you to summarize and the second asks you to employ some of Johnson’s concepts to collect data of your own. Part 1: Summary For this part, write a 1 to 2 page summary of Johnson’s Television section, covering Multiple Threading and as much of Flashing Arrows and Social Networking as you are able. We will write a custom essay sample on Summary and Synthesis with Steven Johnson or any similar topic only for you Order Now Focus mainly on his ideas, but be sure to give some indication of his evidence and how it’s presented. What shows does he use to support his ideas? How does he make his points? Your summary should start with a paragraph about Johnson’s thesis and then use paragraphs of ideas and supporting evidence from the book to round out the content you cover. Remember CABIN. Part II: Synthesis Use Johnson’s concepts of Multiple Threading and Social Networking (see p. 110-112) in television to compare two similar shows of your own choosing (they must be separated by at least 20 years). Your main assignment for this part is to visually represent your research using charts similar to those Johnson uses on p. 0 and 112. Write two pages describing your findings and whether you 1. support (agree with) Johnson’s idea that multiple threading and social networking are on the rise – and that TV is therefore becoming more challenging and complex. OR 2. refute Johnson’s claims based on findings different from those he sees in his analysis. 1 or 2 here should lead directly to your thesis, which you’ll support by looking at paragraphs about multiple threading and social network schemes. The writing portion of your synthesis should should answer the following question: Having looked at several examples of television shows yourself, do you see the same heightened complexity and challenge that Johnson claims in today’s television? For your synthesis, you will be graded on your charts and visual representation of your data as well as how you write it up. I’m looking at whether you understand Johnson’s methods and whether you can duplicate this analysis while critically watching TV yourself. Harwood Eng 96 Spring 2013 Schedule of upcoming classes: | |What we’ll work on in class |Homework due in next class period | | | |(all reading s/b ACTIVE) | |4/9 |Discuss Games section of EBIGFY |Write (typed) summary of Games section of the book. This | | |Round out games outline |assignment will be graded. Length: 0. 5 to 1 full page (not | | |Model concept of Games Summary |more). | |4/11 |Talking about TV: Main Ideas – What are the trends and |Finish reading TV section in EBIGFY (Through 115) | | |evidence? |Choose your TV shows for Synthesis and start watching them | | |Use 30 Rock example to look at strategy for Synthesis. |Work on outline of TV section | | |Talk about genres of shows and which fit together. | |4/16 |Talking about data analysis: how to synthesize our own |Write a Rough Draft of TV section summary (not less than one| | |looks at what Johnson sees. |typed page/max of 2—See back side. ] | | |Go over outline of TV section |Have your two TV shows chosen and start watching them, | | | |collecting data. | |4/18 |Peer Review of TV Summaries |Finish final draft of TV Summary. | |More talk about how to do charts and synthesis |Finish charts for Johnson synthesis assignment to turn in. | | |representation: MT and SN |Finish Reading Part I of EBIGFY (136) | |4/2 3 |Discuss Internet and Movies |Write up Rough Draft for Synthesis (agree/disagree based on | | |Ideas on synthesis conclusion: how to write it up/argument |evidence) | | |statement. | |4/25 |Peer Review of TV Synthesis |Write Final Draft of Synthesis. | | |Start discussion of Johnson’s Part II. What is Smart? |Actively read Pt. 2 to 156 | |4/30 |Turn in Final draft of Synthesis |MORE to come†¦ | How to cite Summary and Synthesis with Steven Johnson, Papers

To Kill A Mockingbird Essays (879 words) - To Kill A Mockingbird

To Kill A Mockingbird To Kill A Mocking Bird, a term one uses to describe many things, such as a defining moment or an object such as a book. When used in this context, such as describing a book, it persuades the reader to examine the novel further to discover what makes this piece of literature so memorable to people who have read it. One such novel is Harper Lee's To Kill A Mockingbird. One may describe this novel as a classic because the messages described in the novel can be perceived on so many different levels that any reader, no matter the level, can observe these messages. The prime messages observed in this novel is that of racism, how the actions of a community, not just a parent, can affect a child, and how rumors and invalidated facts can destroy anyone's reputation. Racism is mentioned throughout the second part of the novel. It is the prime and most mentioned part of this section of the novel. This message is displayed on many levels so even the lowest level reader can visibly ask oneself why this is occurring. The easiest way to observe this may be the town's actions toward Tom Robinson, the "negro" on trial. The townspeople, for the most part, dismissed the entire trial on the basis on that it does not matter what Atticus can do, Mr. Robinson is automatically guilty. This message can also be seen in a severely symbolic manner, Tom Robinson's death. The manner in which he dies is that he escapes and attempts to climb the fence to freedom, however he only has one good arm and that is his detriment. It slows him up enough to allow the police to shoot him numerous times. Symbolically this can be viewed as a glimmer of hope to end this suppression. As this glimmer of hope is about to reach the mainstream and acceptance that racism is evil, it is shot down and dead, thus ending the opportunity. Mr. Robinson got into this position by the jury giving in a guilty verdict, despite numerous evidence to the contrary. The jury gave a racist verdict, showing Harper Lee's opinion of the evil a racist society can do to a minority. This verdict had repercussions not just to Mr. Robinson, but to the community. One can observe that this verdict influenced the town in a manner no one expected, it twisted the minds of many children. A popular saying is that "the best laid plans of mice and men often go astray," this is what began to happen to the children of the town, best viewed when observing the Finch children. Despite Atticus' "plans" to raise children who do not have this type of hate within them, they have these feelings due to some community actions, Atticus' plan "going astray." A prime example is Scout's answer to the question of the manner in which the prosecuting attorney addressed Mr. Robinson during his cross examination. Her answer was that he could do that because "...he's just a negro."(p. 199) This issue is not just the white community pressing an idea into someone's head. It can also happen in the black community. When Atticus Finch asks Calpurnia, his housekeeper, to watch his children for him while he is out, Calpurnia accepts and takes the children with her to church, a black church. When she arrives with the children they are all greeted with hospitality except for a few people. These people use the same argument as in the last example as to why they should not be there, because they are white. What both races have done is shun the other race, now what happens if a child is born with blood from both races. What happens is an isolated race that is exiled from both races because that child has blood from the other race. This evil act can be seen in the novel. The county practically exiles the children of Dolphus Raymond and his black spouse. It is done to the point that these children are forced to live in the non-racist north where they would not be looked down on as genetic freaks. After reading this, one would wonder of the community's reaction to Dolphus Raymond, whose committing a great sin by having children with a black woman. Well, the town does not look down on him, the town actually feels sorry for him. Why, because the town does not know the real story, they base their feelings on unsubstantiated rumors. Rumors,

Carbohydrate-electrolyte sports drinks- do they enhance athletic performance The WritePass Journal

Carbohydrate-electrolyte sports drinks- do they enhance athletic performance Introduction Carbohydrate-electrolyte sports drinks- do they enhance athletic performance Introduction  Aim of Sports Drinks  Types of Sports DrinksStudies on Carbohydrate-Electrolyte Sports DrinkConclusionReferences:Related Introduction All athletes, whether it be trained or untrained, should ingest fluids before, during and after training or competition in order to achieve optimal euhydration. Fluids are required to prevent dehydration (loss of 2% body weight) and excessive electrolyte loss which leads to impaired exercise performance, fatigue and physiologic function, with 3% dehydration increasing the risk of developing an exertional heat illness (e.g. heat cramps, exhaustion or heat stroke (Casa, 2000). Fluids also provide a carbohydrate source to prevent the depletion of the body’s stores (Maughan 1994) – thus the composition of fluids is crucial. The amount and rate of fluid replacement will depend on a variety of factors – individual athlete’s sweat rate; exercise duration; exercise intensity; environmental factors; acclimatization state and the sport dynamics for example opportunities to drink and access to fluids (Casa, 2000). The absorption of fluid into the body depends on the speed at which it is emptied from the stomach and the rate at which it is absorbed through the walls of the small intestine. The higher the level of fluid in the stomach, the more gastric emptying is encouraged.   Aim of Sports Drinks Sports drinks aim to provide a number of different functions including provision of substrate, prevention of dehydration, electrolyte replacement, pre-exercise hydration and post-exercise rehydration (Maughan, 1998). The functional characteristics of a sports drink can be manipulated by altering the different variables which include carbohydrate content: concentration and type; osmolality; electrolyte composition and concentration; flavouring components; and other active ingredients (Maughan, 1998). Composition of Sports Drinks The major components of sports drinks are carbohydrates and electrolytes. Evidence suggests that the only electrolyte that should be added to sports drinks is sodium (Maughan, 1994). Sodium does not have a direct impact on physical performance but has a number of essential functions including maintaining plasma osmolality (Below et al, 1995), encouraging voluntary fluid intake (Passe, 2001) and reducing urine output (Vrijens Rehrer, 1999). Present in small amounts, sodium helps to quicken the rate of gastric emptying and increases the rate of fluid absorption into the intestine. Sodium concentration in sweat and plasma are 10.0-70.0mEq/l and 135.0-148.0mEq/l respectively (Latzka Montain, 1999, Costill, 1984). Athletes have a sweat rate of around 1litre/hour during exercise which increases in higher temperatures (Brouns F Kovacs E). It is important to remember that sweat rates and sweat electrolyte content vary between each individual athlete (Sawka, 2007). Carbohydrates are the ma in energy source during exercise and are stored as glucose in the liver and muscles. Consuming sports drinks containing a carbohydrate source helps to maintain the body’s glycogen stores and prevent glucose levels from falling too low. However, high concentrations of carbohydrate in the drink slow the rate of gastric emptying (Merson el al, 2002).   Types of Sports Drinks There are three types of sports drinks, all of which contain various levels of fluid, carbohydrates and electrolytes (usually 10-25mmol/l of Sodium) – (i) Isotonic drinks contain fluid, electrolytes and 6 to 8% of a carbohydrate source. These empty from the stomach at a rate similar to water and quickly replace fluids lost by sweating and supply a boost of carbohydrate. Isotonic drinks are the drink of choice for most athletes for example in middle and long distance running and team sports. In the Position Stand by the American College of Sports Medicine Position 2007, isotonic drinks are recommended for events lasting longer than one hour .(ii) Hypotonic drinks contain fluid, electrolytes and a low level of carbohydrate and quickly replace fluids lost by sweating. This is suitable for athletes who need fluid without the boost of carbohydrate e.g. jockeys and gymnasts. A study by Bonneti and Hopkins 2010, found that the ingestion of a hypotonic drink enhanced performance simil ar to that of an isotonic drink, suggesting that hypotonic drinks may be the preferred option for endurance performance of longer than an hour. More evidence is needed to prove this, but it seems that water is absorbed into the intestine more rapidly when using a hypotonic drink over an isotonic drink ( Bonneti Hopkins 2010) (iii) Hypertonic drinks contain fluid and high levels of carbohydrate. They are used to supplement daily carbohydrate intake to meet energy demands, particularly in ultra distance events were high levels of energy are required. They need to be used in conjunction with isotonic drinks to replace fluids. Studies on Carbohydrate-Electrolyte Sports Drink In an area of on-going research, many studies have been conducted with carbohydrate-electrolyte sports drinks and their effects on performance. Table 1 summarises the effect of these drinks when compared with placebos. Studies lasting longer than one hour, with the addition of carbohydrate to the drink, have shown to increase performance (Coyle, 2004). Events lasting less than one hour have shown to have no need for carbohydrate electrolyte sports drinks (Bonen et al 1981, Powers et al 1990).   However, a study by Murray et al 1989, found that drinks containing 8-10% carbohydrate delayed fluid absorption and gastric emptying whilst drinks containing 6% carbohydrate solution enhanced exercise performance after 1 hour.   When comparing a 15% carbohydrate-electrolyte solution to a 2% carbohydrate-electrolyte solution in a hot climate, it is in fact the 2% solution that increased performance and prevented fatigue (Galloway Maughan). There has been numerous studies conducted with hig h carbohydrate content solutions (above 10 %,) but this amount of carbohydrate content should ideally be used in carbohydrate loading only and not when looking to increase performance. Conclusion There is clear evidence that drinks, containing an energy source in the form of a carbohydrate and an electrolyte, have beneficial effects for athletes and improve performance (Convertino et al, 1996; Casa 2000) provided exercise duration is long enough to allow empting of the drink from the stomach followed by absorption into the intestine (Shirreffs, 2003).   It is important to remember, that every individual is different, and what suits one person in a given situation may not suit another, therefore customized fluid replacement programmes are advised (Maughan 1993). References: Below PR, Mora-Rodriguez R, Gonzalez-Alonso J Coyle EF (1995) Fluid and carbohydrate ingestion independently improve performance during 1 h of intense exercise. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 27, 200–210. Bonen A, Malcolm SA, Kilgour RD, MacIntyre KP Belcastro AN (1981) Glucose ingestion before and during intense exercise. Journal of Applied Physiology 50, 766-71. Bonetti DL Hopkins WG (2010) Effect of Hypotonic and Isotonic Sports Drinks on Endurance Performance and Physiology. Sportscience 14, 63-70. Brouns F Kovacs E (1997) Functional drinks for athletes. Trends in Food Science Technology 8, 414-420. Cade R, Spooner G, Schlein CA, Pickering M Dean R (1988) Effect of fluid, electrolyte, and glucose replacement during exercise on performance, body temperature, rate of sweat loss, and compositional changes of extracellular fluid. Journal of Sports Medicine 12, 150-6. Casa DJ (2000) National athletic trainer’s association position statement: fluid replacement for athletes. Journal of Athletic Training 35, 212-224. Converertino V, Armstrong L, Coyle E, Mack G, Sawka M, Senay L Sherman W (1996) American college of sports medicine position stand: exercise and fluid replacement. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 28, I-vii. Costill DL (1984) Sweating: its composition ad effects on body fluids. Annals of the New York Academy of Science 301, 160-174. Coyle EF (2004) Fluid and Fuel Intake during exercise. Journal of Sports Science 22, 39-55. Davis JM, Lamb DR, Pate RR, Slentz CA, Burgess WA Bartoli WP (1988) Carbohydrate-electrolyte drinks: effects on endurance cycling in the heat. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 48, 1023-30. Galloway SDR Maughan The effects of substrate and fluid provision on ermoregulatory and metabolic responses to prolonged exercise in a hot environment. Journal of Sports Science 18, 339-351. Latzka WA Montain SJ (1999) Water and electrolyte requirements for exercise. Clinics in sports medicine 18, 513-524. Maughan RJ (1993) Fluid replacement in sport and exercise – a consensus statement. British Journal of Sports Medicine 27, 34. Maughan RJ (1994) Fluid and electrolyte loss and replacement in exercise. In Oxford Textbook of Sports Medicine, pp82-93 [M Harries, C Williams, WD stanish LL Micheli editors]. Oxford: Oxford university press. Maughan RJ (1998) The sports drink as a functional food: formulations for successful performance. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 57, 15-23 Merson SJ, Shirreffs SM, Leiper JB, Maughan RJ (2002) Changes in blood, plasma and red cell volume after ingestion of hypotonic and hypertonic solutions. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. Millard-Stafford M, Rosskopf   LB, Snow TK Hinson BT (1997)Water versus carbohydrate-electrolyte   ingestion before and during a 15-km run in the heat. International Journal of Sports Nutrition 7, 26-38. Murray R, Seifert JG, Eddy DE, Paul GL Halaby GA (1989) Carbohydrate feeding and exercise: effect of beverage carbohydrate content. European Journal of Applied Physiology 59, 152. Passe DH (2001) Physiological and psychological determinants of fluid intake. In Sports Drinks: Basic Science and Practical Aspects, pp45–87 [RJ Maughan, R Murray editors]. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. Powers SK, Lawler J, Dodd S, Tulley R, Landry G Wheeler K (1990) Fluid replacement drinks during high intensity exercise: effects on minimising exercise-induced disturbances. European Journal of Applied Physiology 60, 54-60 Sawka MN (2007) Position Stand: Exercise and Fluid replacement. American College of Sports Medicine, 377- 390. Shirreffs SM (2003) The Optimal Sports Drink. Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Sportmedizin und Sporttraumatologie 51, 25-29. Tsintzas K, Liu R, Williams C (1993) The effect of carbohydrate ingestion on performance during a 30-km race. International Journal of Sports Medicine 3 127-39. Vrijens DM, Rehrer NJ (1999) Sodium-free fluid ingestion decreases plasma sodium during exercise in the heat. Journal Applied Physiology 86,   1847–1851.

Will I do better on the SAT or the ACT

Will I do better on the SAT or the ACT SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Many students wonder whether they'll do better on the ACT or SAT after all it's important to put the best foot forward. Here we show you how to figure out which one you're better on. See the following questions and answers to figure out what will probably work better for you. 1. How do I know if I should take the ACT vs SAT? This depends entirely on the colleges where you want to apply and your specific abilities. Almost all 4-year schools require either (and accept both) the SAT or ACT, so it’s important to know which test can reflect your abilities most fully. Some colleges require no standardized test scores, but it’s best to apply to at least 3 schools (and, for many students, even more than that). Therefore, it’s unlikely that all the schools you want to apply to will be â€Å"test optional,† so deciding which test to take is pretty important. 2. Which students think the SAT is easier than the ACT? The SAT is better if you’re a â€Å"good test taker†if you’re good at figuring out what information tests are looking for, if big tests don’t make you very nervous, or if you don’t get overwhelmed easily by unfamiliar information. The SAT is better if you’re near a top score, because it’s easier to â€Å"ace†to get a 99th percentile or perfect score onthan the ACT. There are many reasons for this, but if you think you’re going to be scoring high, your chances of scoring in the highest percentiles are better on the SAT. The SAT is better if you’re good at solving puzzles or â€Å"thinking on the fly†taking unfamiliar information and manipulating it quickly or combining it with knowledge you already have. 3. Which students think the ACT is easier than the SAT? The ACT is better if you’re better in classes than on tests, if you are good at learning all the material in the textbook, or if you prefer lots of structure in your education. The ACT is better if you study school subjects more: aside from the ACT resembling a high school test more than the SAT does, it also tests a broader range of knowledge than the SAT doestaking AP Chemistry, for example, won’t help you on the SAT. But it could help significantly on the ACT. The ACT is better if you’re scoring in the lower percentiles because the average ACT question is a bit easier than the average SAT question, so that middle range is more attainable on the ACT. This does not mean, however, that the SAT is a harder testwe’ll discuss that next. 4. Is the ACT or SAT harder or easier overall? The short answer is that neither is harder; they’re hard in different ways. The most basic way the difficulties of the 2 tests differ is that, while the average ACT question is easier than the average SAT question, the hardest ACT question is harder than the hardest one on the SAT. 5. How can I find out for sure which is better for me? The best way is to actually try it out! Here are the exact steps: 1. Take a full practice SAT and a practice ACT. 2. Then use the offical ACT to SAT score conversion tableto convert your ACT score to its SAT equivalent (the table uses a 1600 scale that includes reading and math only). 3. If your score difference is more than 100 points in either direction, then you have a clear winner. For example, say you got a 30 on the ACT and a 1200 (out of 1600) on the SAT. You use the table and see a 30 on the ACT converts to a 1340. This is 140 points higher than your SAT. Clearly you should take the ACT, no questions asked! 4. If your score difference is less than 100 pointsthen you don't have a natural disadvantage in either one. The point difference is likely due to random chance, and both work equally well. What’s next? Comparethe current SAT to the version coming in 2016. Read about the technical differences between the SAT and ACT.

Re-Educating Healthcare Providers on Hand Hygiene Practice Research Paper

Re-Educating Healthcare Providers on Hand Hygiene Practice - Research Paper Example Hospital Acquired Infections (HAIs) present a serious challenge in the provision of healthcare services to patients in hospital settings. Studies you cite only one study indicate that about 80 The numbers of patients and HAIs have continuously risen; hence, it has been increasingly difficult to identify the actual population of patients suffering from HAIs (Monnet, 2012). Nevertheless, existing literature has produced a great deal of evidence indicating that hand hygiene practices among providers reduces HAIs. However, compliance rates to hand hygiene practices such as handwashing and gelling remain small, which makes it difficult to prevent HAIs. Specifically, healthcare related infections have been on the increase in the recent years, prompting serious investigations as to whether healthcare facilities were taking hand hygiene seriously. Global statistics indicates that the rate of hospital-acquired infections revolves around 25 percent, while also increasing costs involved in treating and managing HAIs in healthcare facilities (Kim &Kollak, 2006). However, substantive epidemiologic evidence supports the fact that hand hygiene helps to reduce the instances of HAIs in hospitals (Kim &Kollak, 2006). The primary underlying factor is that compliance with hand hygiene practices reduces the rates of related infections to a greater extent (Ivers, et al. 2012).

Persecution of Muslims in Burma Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Persecution of Muslims in Burma - Essay Example She remained under house arrest for almost 21 years. However, she was released in 2010 and everybody shifted their focus from Burmese politics to other matters. Burma again caught the attention of humanists all over the world recently because of the ongoing ethnic violence against the minority Muslims by the government and the Buddhists. Majority of the people in Burma are Buddhists even though Muslims constitute a substantial portion of Burmese population. â€Å"The Muslim minority in Myanmar mostly consists of the Rohingya people and the descendants of Muslim immigrants from India and China, as well as descendants of earlier Arab settlers† (Persecution of Muslims in Burma, 2012). It should be noted that financial abilities of majority of the Muslims in Burma are better than the majority Buddhists. This is because of their prominence in business and trades. Buddhists are not at all interested in watching the minority Muslims gaining progress in Burmese politics and business. As a result of that they started violence against Rohingya people to expel them from Burmese territories. â€Å"Credible reports available online suggest that â€Å"It began on 3rd June 2012 when 11 Muslims were killed by the Burmese Army and the Buddhist mobs after bringing them down from a bus† (Hyderi, 2012). Since then hundreds of Muslims forced to sacrifice their lives in front of the fury generated by the Buddhists. One of the most surprising fact about this violence is the stand taken by the humanist and Burmese opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi. Even though neutral observers all over the world expected Aung to condemn this incidents, to their utmost surprise, she justified these massacres. â€Å"Myanmar Noble Peace Laureate Aung San Suu Kyi says she will not back the minority of Rohingya Muslims that have been persecuted and killed by the majority Buddhists† (Myanmar's Suu Kyi says she can not back Rohingya Muslims, 2012). This paper analyses the details of t he prosecutions of Muslims in Burma. Why prosecutions of Muslims in Burma are happening? â€Å"The Myanmar government and its majority population refuse to recognize Rohingya Muslims as citizens and label the minority of about 800,000 as illegal immigrants from neighbouring Bangladesh, an impoverished state that has shown no willingness to help the Rohingyas† (Myanmar's Suu Kyi says she cannot back Rohingya Muslims, 2012). It is a fact that there are plenty of Muslim states in the proximity of Burma. Pakistan and Bangladesh are Muslim dominated countries whereas India’s northern state Kashmir is also a Muslim dominated state. People from these Muslim states are crossing the borders of Burma and settling in Burma. This process started in the past and continued until recent times. As in the case of other countries, the internal resources are getting reduced in Burma also because of the over exploitation and population growth. Burmese people or the Buddhists do believe th at the illegal immigrants or the Muslims are looting their resources. That is why they started violence against the Muslims recently. They argue that Burma is for Burmese people or for Buddhists; not for illegal immigrants or Muslims. Majority of the Burmese people and the administration believe that all the Muslim population in Burma are illegal immigrant

Essay --

I am an Armenian, through my veins flows the clear blood of my ancients. We live on a small piece of land called Armenia. My country comes from the ancient times, it is too old and at the same time too young with its independence. I am the inheritor of the Seven, Yerevan, the Aragats, Garni, Ejmiatsin and finally the inheritor of my dear Vanadzor. Vanadzor is a mountain town of unparalleled beauty, realm of forest-covered mountains, of dizzy gorges and bubbling rivers. Vanadzor was greatly damaged during the1988 earthquake. At that time a lot of people came to help us. Though I am eighteen I remember stories about that earthquake told by my parents and grandparents and I also remember the citizens that came to help us. Among them were Garbachov, Eltsin and many other people from all over the world. They were really global citizens. It is unforgettable the deeds done by them. Here we can say that they are respected not only for their personality but as well as their deeds. As we know a citizen is a person who has legal rights in a country. We are all citizens in our countries, but there are citizens whom we can call global. As for me in the range of global citizens the first ones are the people who have the Nobel Prize for peace. I want to mention about a woman called Mother Teresa (Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu). I feel a great respect to this woman and also great respect for her deeds as it is unforgettable and will remain in the memories of generations forever. I should say that she had a too difficult life as her father died and left them in poorness. At the age of 18 she left her parental home and went to an Irish community of nuns. After a few months of training Mother Teresa went to India and took her initial vows as a ... ...ove the life of homeless children charges with the energy and hope for achieving my destination. I am still a teenager and have a lot of things to learn. I know that first of all I must be a good citizen for my country as I know that my nation tried to decline the right of its independence from the first moment of our history and our generation is to keep and improve everything we have. I think that a man must live his life so that he could add at least a bit amount of colour and sense to his life and what is more to the lives of others’ in order to keep truth, joy and meaning in every minute of his life. Now I look back and realize that all the volunteering programs where I took part were just a little sheet of paper from the book I must fulfill, but I do hope that one day I would have done something for society and will be glad and a little proud of my past!

Public Transportation Vs Private Transportation

Nowadays people from all over the world are suffering from the air pollution. One of the reasons of such situation is the constantly increasing car usage. Are we able to do something in order to encourage people not to use private cars or to use them less? To be honest, there are only several things we can do. Among them is propaganda of the risks caused by the private cars usage. We can provide people with the main benefits they can get by using public transport and make the transportation prices more affordable.First of all, advertisement is a very powerful â€Å"weapon†. Many people can remember the ad they saw several years ago. Advertisement has a very strong effect. It can impress people, influence their thoughts and even change them. Of course, it is impossible to encourage all people from all over the world to use public transport only. But still a certain number of people will definitely give up using cars and will give preferences to the public transport as time goes by.Moreover, we can also provide people with the benefits they can get from usage of public transport. For example, it is possible to provide those people who use public transport with the 20% discount when they need to buy something. Also, it is possible to implement special cards that will be some kinds of an opportunity to change bus to train for free. As a final point, let’s take a look at one more thing we can provide people with in order to encourage them to use public transport. It would be advisable to make the public transportation prices lower.Let’s suppose that you pay 40$ per month to drive your own car. If you give preference to the public transport, it will cost 20$ per month. What would you pick as the method of transportation? Sorry to say that it may be quite hard to set the price of 20$ for public transport, as transportation companies may be against such fee’s reduction. But if it happens one day, a great number of people would give up their cars and prefer public transport in order to prevent congestion and air pollution. I’m 100% sure that all the ways†¦ Public Transportation Vs Private Transportation Nowadays people from all over the world are suffering from the air pollution. One of the reasons of such situation is the constantly increasing car usage. Are we able to do something in order to encourage people not to use private cars or to use them less? To be honest, there are only several things we can do. Among them is propaganda of the risks caused by the private cars usage. We can provide people with the main benefits they can get by using public transport and make the transportation prices more affordable.First of all, advertisement is a very powerful â€Å"weapon†. Many people can remember the ad they saw several years ago. Advertisement has a very strong effect. It can impress people, influence their thoughts and even change them. Of course, it is impossible to encourage all people from all over the world to use public transport only. But still a certain number of people will definitely give up using cars and will give preferences to the public transport as time goes by.Moreover, we can also provide people with the benefits they can get from usage of public transport. For example, it is possible to provide those people who use public transport with the 20% discount when they need to buy something. Also, it is possible to implement special cards that will be some kinds of an opportunity to change bus to train for free. As a final point, let’s take a look at one more thing we can provide people with in order to encourage them to use public transport. It would be advisable to make the public transportation prices lower.Let’s suppose that you pay 40$ per month to drive your own car. If you give preference to the public transport, it will cost 20$ per month. What would you pick as the method of transportation? Sorry to say that it may be quite hard to set the price of 20$ for public transport, as transportation companies may be against such fee’s reduction. But if it happens one day, a great number of people would give up their cars and prefer public transport in order to prevent congestion and air pollution. I’m 100% sure that all the ways†¦

Sexual Re-Victimization And Increase Of Alcohol And Substance Abuse - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 362 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/08/16 Category Statistics Essay Level High school Tags: Substance Abuse Essay Did you like this example? Sexual Re-victimization and increase in the chance of alcohol and substance abuse Purpose of study: awareness of sexual re-victimization This topic is important for social work practice because it has been proven that revictimized sexual assault victims are more likely to engage in alcohol and drug use. Study procedures I will carry out study by interviewing the patients with psychological issues as a result of substance abuse and those sexually victimized. This process will take 6 months, but might come back frequently to check on the changes. This study will take a maximum of two years. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Sexual Re-Victimization And Increase Of Alcohol And Substance Abuse" essay for you Create order Risks The only risk is intrusion of the patient information which will not happen because I have signed documents with the Hospitals management board declaring that I will abide with patients privacy policy and any contravention will lead to punitive measure. Benefits One core benefit of this research is awareness on your rights as a patient. Through this study, the results will be posted to government agencies hence coming up with a bill to execute those found on the wrong side of the law. Most of the benefits are not direct but are good for the future generation. Confidentiality I am assuring you of confidentiality of the information you give me. Ensure that you do not put into writing any information that confines to your personal life. I am assuring you of confidentiality to all your comments in my interview. To ensure confidentiality, I will do the following: Assign code numbers or names for the respondents. All transcribed information will be kept in a locked file cabinet. Participants in my research will have their information discrete with only specific incidents reported to hospitals management in case it needs attention. For instance. Continued of victimization by hospital staff. Contact information In case of any query on this information, or even experience adverse effect after participation, you might reach the researcher on these contacts: +91 5467890 Consent I have understood all information after reading to my level best. I understand that my participation is not coercive but voluntary and if not feeling free, I am obliged to leave at any time. I personally and voluntarily agree to engage in this study.